PEMANFAATAN NAILFOLD VIDEOCAPILLAROSCOPIC DALAM MENGEKSPLORASI FAKTOR RISIKO, PREDIKTOR DAN PREVENTIF GANGGUAN MIKROSIRKULASI KARDIOVASKULAR
UTILIZATION OF NAILFOLD VIDEOCAPILLAROSCOPIC TO EXPLORING RISK FACTORS, PREDICTORS AND PREVENTION OF CARDIOVASCULAR MICROCIRCULATORY DISORDERS
Abstract
Microcirculation disorders are the focus of attention in cardiovascular disease research as they lead to serious cardiovascular complications. Nailfold videocapillaroscopy (NVC) is a non-invasive method that has great potential in exploring risk factors, clinical predictors and developing preventive measures for microcirculatory disorders in cardiovascular disease. This study was based on PRISMA guidelines, then adjusted with appropriate inclusion and exclusion criteria and the PICO framework. Risk of bias assessment using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). There were 14 inclusion studies including cohort, case-control, cross-sectional, comparative and multicentre studies. The results found that the utilisation of NVC is proven to be used in the exploration of risk factors, predictors and preventive measures of microcirculatory disorders of several cardiovascular diseases namely primary, secondary and pulmonary hypertension with vasculitis. Risk factors include endothelial damage, arterial stiffness, and so on. Future predictors can be done in patients with microvascular abnormalities suspected of systemic sclerosis, Raynaud's symptom and hormonal disorders. Preventive measures that can be carried out further supporting examinations in confirming disease disorders and complications. With the utilisation of NVC, the public can utilise this technology as an early detection tool to prevent more serious cardiovascular complications.
Abstrak
Gangguan mikrosirkulasi menjadi fokus perhatian dalam penelitian penyakit kardiovaskular karena mengakibatkan komplikasi serius bagi kardiovaskular. Nailfold videocapillaroscopy (NVC) merupakan metode non-invasif yang memiliki potensi besar sebagai dalam mengeksplorasi faktor risiko, prediktor klinis dan menyusun langkah prevetif terhadap gangguan mikrosirkulasi penyakit kardiovaskular. Penelitian ini didasarkan pada pedoman PRISMA, kemudian disesuaikan dengan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi yang sesuai dan kerangka kerja PICO. Penilaian risiko bias menggunakan Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). Didapatkan 14 studi inklusi termasuk studi cohort, case-control, cross-sectional, comparative dan multicenter study. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa pemanfaatan NVC terbukti dapat digunakan dalam eksplorasi faktor risiko, prediktor dan langkah preventif gangguan mikrosirkulasi dari beberapa penyakit kardiovaskular yakni hipertensi primer, sekunder dan pulmonal disertai vaskulitis. Faktor risiko yang didapatkan mulai dari kerusakan endotel, kekuan arteri, dan sebagainya. Predikor kedepannya dapat dilakukan pada pasien abnormalitas pada mikrovaskular yang dicurigai mengalami sistemik sklerosis, gejala raynaud dan gangguan hormon. Langkah preventif yang dapat dilakukan pemeriksaan penunjang lanjutan dalam mengkonfirmasi gangguan penyakit dan komplikasi. Dengan demikian pemanfaatan NVC, masyarakat dapat memanfaatkan teknologi ini sebagai alat deteksi dini untuk mencegah komplikasi kardiovaskular yang lebih serius.
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