HUBUNGAN ANTARA KONSUMSI MINUMAN MANIS DENGAN KEJADIAN OVERWEIGHT PADA SISWA/I SMK NEGERI 2 MEDAN
THE RELATIONSHIPBETWEEN SWEET DRINKS CONSUMPTION AND OVERWEIGHT INCIDENTS IN STUDENTS OF STATE VOCATIONAL SCHOOL 2 MEDAN
Abstract
Overweight is a growing health problem among adolescents and may lead to long-term adverse health outcomes. Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) contain high amounts of added sugars and are suspected to contribute to excessive weight gain. This study aimed to analyze the association between sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and the occurrence of overweight among students of SMK Negeri 2 Medan. This study employed an analytical observational design with a cross-sectional approach involving 70 respondents selected using total sampling. Sugar-sweetened beverage consumption was assessed using a Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), while nutritional status was determined based on the World Health Organization (WHO) Body Mass Index-for-Age Z-score (BAZ). Data were analyzed using Spearman’s rho correlation test. The results showed a statistically significant association between sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and overweight (p = 0.017), with a positive but weak correlation (r = 0.285). Students with higher frequency of sugar-sweetened beverage consumption tended to have a higher likelihood of being overweight. In conclusion, sugar-sweetened beverage consumption contributes to an increased risk of overweight among adolescents.
Abstrak
Overweight merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan yang prevalensinya terus meningkat pada remaja dan berpotensi menimbulkan dampak kesehatan jangka panjang. Konsumsi minuman manis (sugar-sweetened beverages/SSB) yang mengandung gula tambahan tinggi diduga berperan dalam peningkatan risiko kelebihan berat badan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara konsumsi minuman manis dengan kejadian overweight pada siswa/i SMK Negeri 2 Medan. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross-sectional terhadap 70 responden yang dipilih menggunakan teknik total sampling. Konsumsi minuman manis diukur menggunakan Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), sedangkan status gizi ditentukan berdasarkan Indeks Massa Tubuh menurut Umur (BMI-for-Age Z-score/BAZ) standar WHO. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan uji korelasi Spearman’s rho. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara konsumsi minuman manis dengan kejadian overweight (p = 0,017) dengan nilai koefisien korelasi r = 0,285, yang menunjukkan hubungan positif dengan kekuatan korelasi lemah. Responden dengan frekuensi konsumsi minuman manis yang lebih tinggi cenderung memiliki status gizi overweight. Kesimpulan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa konsumsi minuman manis berkontribusi terhadap peningkatan risiko overweight pada remaja.
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