GAMBARAN STATUS NUTRISI BERDASARKAN IMT DAN PROGNOSTIC NUTRITIONAL INDEX (PNI) PADA PASIEN KANKER KOLOREKTAL
NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF COLORECTAL CANCER PATIENTS ASSESSED USING BMI AND PROGNOSTIC NUTRITIONAL INDEX (PNI)
Abstract
Colorectal cancer continues to be a significant public health concern because of its high incidence and death rates. Nutritional condition is known to significantly influence patient prognosis, response to treatment, and overall quality of life. BMI and PNI are commonly used parameters that reflect both nutritional and immune status. This study was conducted to characterize the nutritional status of colorectal cancer patients using Body Mass Index (BMI) and Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) at Haji Adam Malik General Hospital, Medan. A descriptive study with a cross-sectional design was conducted using secondary data obtained from patients’ medical records. The study involved 91 colorectal cancer patients who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Variables assessed included sex, age, BMI, serum albumin concentration, total lymphocyte count, and PNI. Data were analyzed descriptively and reported as frequency and percentage distributions. The majority of patients were male (52.7%), with the highest proportion aged 51–60 years (34.1%). Most patients had a normal BMI (63.7%), while underweight and overweight statuses were found in equal proportions (13.2%). More than half of the patients had normal albumin levels (56.0%) and lymphocyte counts (71.4%). Despite this, low PNI values (<46.6), reflecting compromised nutritional and immune status, were identified in 59.3% of patients. Although most patients showed normal BMI, a large proportion had low PNI, emphasizing the need for comprehensive nutritional assessment using both BMI and PNI.
Abstrak
Kanker kolorektal hingga kini tetapamenjadi salah satu permasalahan kesehatanautama karena tingginya angka kejadian dan tingkat mortalitas.. Kondisi nutrisi diketahui berpengaruh besar terhadap luaran klinis, keberhasilan terapi, serta kualitas hidup pasien. Status gizi dan imunitas dapat dinilai melalui IMT dan Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI). Penelitian ini memiliki salah satu tujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran status nutrisi pada pasien kanker kolorektal berdasarkan Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT) dan Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI). Penelitian ini merupakan studi deskriptif yang memiliki rancangan potong lintang, menggunakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari rekam medis pasien kanker kolorektal. Sebanyak 91 pasien yang memenuhiakriteria inklusi dan eksklusi diikutsertakan sebagai sampel penelitian. Variabel yang dianalisis meliputi jenis kelamin, usia, berat badan, tinggi badan, IMT, kadar albumin serum, jumlah limfosit total, serta nilai PNI. Data akan dianalisis secara deskriptif dan disajikan dalam bentuk distribusi frekuensi dan persentase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar pasien berjenis kelamin laki-laki (52,7%), dengan kelompok usia terbanyak berada pada rentang 51–60 tahun (34,1%).Kadar albumin dan jumlah limfosit umumnya berada dalam batas normal, namun lebih dari separuh pasien memiliki nilai PNI <46,6. Meskipun IMT sebagian besar pasien normal, banyak pasien menunjukkan PNI rendah, sehingga penilaian nutrisi menggunakan IMT dan PNI penting dalam pemantauan kondisi dan prognosis pasien kanker kolorektal.
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