Initial Examination

All submitted manuscripts undergo an initial editorial screening to assess their compliance with the journal's scope, author guidelines, ethical standards, and scientific quality. Manuscripts are also screened for similarity using Plagiarism Checker X. Manuscripts that are incomplete, poorly prepared, outside the journal's scope, or fail to meet the journal's ethical or formatting requirements may be rejected without external review.

Peer Review

Manuscripts that pass the initial screening are assigned to at least two independent reviewers under a double-blind peer-review process, in which the identities of both authors and reviewers remain anonymous.

Reviewers evaluate manuscripts based on originality, scientific quality, methodology, relevance, clarity, and contribution to the field. All reviewers and editors must declare any conflicts of interest. Editors who are authors of a submitted manuscript are excluded from the editorial and peer-review process for that manuscript.

Editorial Decision

Based on the reviewers' recommendations, the Editor will make one of the following decisions:

• Accept
• Minor Revision – Authors are required to submit the revised manuscript within 7–14 days.
• Major Revision – Authors must submit a revised manuscript together with a point-by-point response to the reviewers' comments. Normally, only one round of major revision is permitted, after which the manuscript may be sent for a second review.
• Reject

The final publication decision is made by the Editorial Board.

Appeals

Authors may appeal an editorial decision by submitting a written justification. The Editorial Board will review the appeal, and its decision will be final.

Production and Publication

Accepted manuscripts undergo copyediting, language editing (if required), proofreading, layout editing, and final author approval before publication.