HUBUNGAN DURASI KOMPLEKS QRS DENGAN KADAR NATRIUM DAN KALIUM PASIEN HEMODIALISIS
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN QRS COMPLEX DURATION WITH SODIUM AND POTASSIUM LEVELS IN HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS
Abstract
Durasi kompleks QRS pada elektrokardiogram (EKG) mencerminkan kecepatan depolarisasi ventrikel dan dapat memanjang pada kondisi patologis seperti gangguan konduksi intraventrikular. Pasien penyakit ginjal kronik stadium akhir (PGK5D) yang menjalani hemodialisis memiliki risiko tinggi terhadap kelainan elektrolit dan komplikasi kardiovaskular. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis hubungan antara durasi kompleks QRS dengan kadar natrium dan kalium pada pasien hemodialisis di RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin. Studi observasional ini melibatkan 304 pasien dengan data EKG dan elektrolit lengkap. Hasil menunjukkan 25 pasien (8,2%) memiliki durasi QRS ≥120 ms. Pasien dengan QRS memanjang memiliki usia lebih tua (p = 0,013) dan kadar kalium lebih tinggi (median 5,5 mEq/L, p < 0,001). Uji regresi logistik menunjukkan peningkatan risiko hiperkalemia lebih dari 5 kali (Prevalence odds ratio (POR) 5,63; IK 95%: 2,42–13,14) pada pasien dengan QRS ≥120 ms. Tidak ditemukan perbedaan bermakna kadar natrium (p = 0,29), meskipun cenderung lebih rendah pada kelompok dengan QRS memanjang. Temuan ini menegaskan pentingnya pemantauan EKG dan kadar elektrolit secara berkala sebagai skrining awal gangguan konduksi jantung pada pasien hemodialisis.
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