HUBUNGAN FAKTOR MATERNAL DAN SOSIAL EKONOMI DENGAN JUMLAH SERIAL CASTING PONSETI PADA PASIEN CLUBFOOT
RELATIONSHIP OF MATERNAL AND SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS WITH SERIAL PONSETI CASTING NUMBER IN CLUBFOOT PATIENTS
Abstract
Clubfoot adalah kelainan kongenital yang dapat menyebabkan disabilitas jika tidak ditangani. Metode Ponseti merupakan terapi utama yang efektif, tetapi jumlah serial casting yang dibutuhkan bervariasi, dipengaruhi oleh faktor maternal dan sosioekonomi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi jumlah serial casting Ponseti pada pasien clubfoot di RSUP H. Adam Malik Medan. Studi ini menggunakan desain penelitian cross-sectional dengan 80 subjek yang didiagnosis clubfoot. Analisa menggunakan uji Fisher exact. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara dan rekam medis, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan uji chi-square dan regresi logistik. Rerata usia subjek penelitian adalah 29,05±35,11 bulan, dengan 57,5% laki-laki. Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan bahwa jenis transportasi yang digunakan pasien berhubungan signifikan dengan jumlah serial casting Ponseti (p=0,020). Analisis multivariat menunjukkan bahwa faktor transportasi (p=0,011, PR=3,662) dan keluarga perokok (p=0,047, PR=2,774) merupakan faktor dominan yang memengaruhi jumlah serial casting Ponseti. Sementara itu, faktor lain seperti jenis kelamin, pekerjaan orang tua, tingkat pendidikan, dan kondisi ekonomi tidak menunjukkan hubungan yang bermakna. Faktor lingkungan, terutama akses transportasi dan kebiasaan merokok dalam keluarga, berperan dalam menentukan jumlah serial casting Ponseti. Penelitian selanjutnya disarankan menggunakan desain prospektif multicenter dengan variasi demografi yang lebih luas serta analisis lebih mendalam terhadap faktor transportasi dan kebiasaan merokok.
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