DAMPAK KESEHATAN PASCABANJIR BANDANG DAN LONGSOR NOVEMBER 2025 DI ACEH TAMIANG
HEALTH IMPACTS AFTER THE NOVEMBER 2025 FLASH FLOODS AND LANDSLIDES IN ACEH TAMIANG
Abstract
Banjir bandang dan tanah longsor akhir November 2025 di Kabupaten Aceh Tamiang, Indonesia, memengaruhi lebih dari 300.000 penduduk akibat hujan monsun lebat yang diperburuk deforestasi dan degradasi lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai dampak kesehatan awal dan pola penyakit pada populasi terdampak melalui penilaian kesehatan cepat selama pelayanan medis darurat. Studi deskriptif potong lintang dilakukan pada 8 Desember 2025 di Desa Seumadam, Kecamatan Kejuruan Muda. Tim medis Rumah Sakit Mahkota Bidadari memberikan pelayanan gratis kepada penyintas. Data demografi, paparan, keluhan, dan diagnosis dicatat secara sistematis. Sebanyak 315 pasien diperiksa (rerata usia 28,4 ± 16,2 tahun; 52,4% perempuan); 78,4% memiliki kontak langsung dengan air banjir dan 45,1% tinggal di penampungan sementara. Kondisi tersering adalah penyakit dermatologis (68,3%), infeksi saluran pernapasan akut (45,7%), dan diare akut (31,4%). Anak-anak menunjukkan angka infeksi pernapasan dan diare lebih tinggi secara signifikan dibanding dewasa (62,4% vs 38,2%, p<0,001; dan 38,5% vs 31,6%, p=0,009). Morbiditas pascabanjir didominasi penyakit kulit, infeksi pernapasan, dan diare. Respons pascabencana perlu memprioritaskan air bersih, sanitasi, perbaikan penampungan, dan layanan kesehatan preventif.
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