PSIKOBIOTIK MEMODULASI SCFA DAN BDNF PADA MODUS NEUROKOGNITIF:TELAAH SISTEMATIS LITERATUR
PSYCHOBIOTICS MODULATINGSCFA AND BDNF WITHIN NEUROCOGNITIVE MODALITIES:A SYSTEMATIC SCHOLARLY REVIEW
Abstract
Probiotik dapat memodulasi sumbu sumbu mikorobiota usus-otak, sehingga mendapat perhatian dalam penelitian kesehatan neurosains. Produksi asam lemak alifatik rantai pendek (SCFA), yaitu fraksi asetat, propionat, dengan butirat merupakan mekanisme kunci yang menjadi dasar terjadinya efek biologis tersebut. SCFA mengatur inflamasi, integritas sawar usus, dan fungsi sistem saraf pusat. SCFA diketahui mempengaruhi ekspresi faktor neurotrofik dari otak (BDNF). BDNF adalah suatu neurotrofin penting yang terlibat dalam neuroplastisitas, neurogenesis, dan fungsi kognitif. Selain itu, SCFA berkontribusi pada patofisiologi neuropsikiatri dan gangguan neurodegeneratif. Tujuan dari review literatur sistematis ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi peran probiotik dalam pengaturan SCFA dan efeknya terhadap pengaturan BDNF. Dengan mengikuti pedoman PRISMA, Penelusuran eksplorasi literatur ditempuh secara metodologis melalui berbagai basis repsositori ilmiah yaitu PubMed, Scopus, dan Web of Science. Studi yang disertakan meliputi penelitian eksperimental pada hewan, uji klinis terkontrol pada manusia, yang menelaah hubungan antara suplementasi probiotik, perubahan kadar SCFA, dan BDNF. Hasil penelusuran menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan produksi SCFA, baik tunggal maupun multi-strain, dapat dicapai dengan suplementasi probiotik Namun demikian, keanekaragaman desain penelitian dan karakteristik intervensi tetap menjadi keterbatasan.Akhirnya, dalam memodulasi SCFA dan BDNF, probiotik dapat berfungsi sebagai strategi eskalasi kesehatan neurosains.
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